常用包管理器配置

包管理器	适用语言	主配置文件路径	官方首页
pip	Python	~/.config/pip/pip.conf	pypi.org
uv	Python	~/.config/uv/uv.toml	docs.astral.sh
npm	NodeJs	~/.npmrc	www.npmjs.com
yarn	NodeJs	~/.yarnrc	yarnpkg.com
maven	Java	~/.m2/settings.xml	maven.apache.org
gradle	Java	${ProjectPath}/build.gradle	gradle.org
go	Go	~/.config/go/env	golang.google.cn
docker	Go	/etc/docker/daemon.json	www.docker.com
podman	Go	/etc/containers/registries.conf.d/*	podman.io
rustup	Rust	~/.bashrc 或 ~/.zshrc	rustup.rs
cargo	Rust	~/.cargo/config.toml	crates.io

pip

（1）使用pip config命令

配置国内代理：

# 设置index-url
pip config set global.index-url http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
# 设置trusted-host
pip config set global.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
# 设置timeout
pip config set global.timeout 60

# 查看所有配置
pip config list

（2）编辑pip.conf文件

vim ~/.config/pip/pip.conf

[global]
timeout = 60
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

tips1: 编辑~/.config/pip/pip.conf文件与pip config命令等效

tips2: 也可以编辑~/.pip/pip.conf文件修改配置，但它的优先级要小于~/.config/pip/pip.conf

uv

（1）编辑uv.toml文件

mkdir ~/.config/uv
vim ~/.config/uv/uv.toml

# 加速Python解释器下载 (uv python install)
python-install-mirror = "https://registry.npmmirror.com/-/binary/python-build-standalone/"

# 加速Python包下载 (uv add)
[[index]]
url = "https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple"
default = true

npm

（1）使用npm config命令

配置国内代理：

# 设置registry
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com
# 设置disturl
npm config set disturl https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node

# 查看所有配置
npm config list

配置包路径：

npm config set prefix ${HOME}/.local
npm config get prefix
npm root -g

（2）编辑.npmrc文件

vim ~/.npmrc

registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com
disturl=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node

yarn

（1）使用yarn config命令

配置国内代理：

# 设置registry
yarn config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

# 查看所有配置
yarn config list

（2）编辑.yarnrc文件

vim ~/.yarnrc

registry "https://registry.npmmirror.com"

maven

（1）编辑settings.xml文件

配置国内代理与包路径：

vim ~/.m2/settings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings>
    <localRepository>~/.m2/repository</localRepository>
    <mirror>
        <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
        <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        <name>Nexus aliyun</name>
        <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
    </mirror>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
                    <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </repository>
            </repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
                    <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </pluginRepository>
            </pluginRepositories>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
    <activeProfiles>
        <activeProfile>dev</activeProfile>
    </activeProfiles>
</settings>

gradle

（1）编辑build.gradle文件

配置国内代理：

适用于Gradle Groovy

vim ${ProjectPath}/build.gradle

repositories {
    maven {url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'}
}

（2）编辑build.gradle.kts文件

适用于Gradle Kotlin

vim ${ProjectPath}/build.gradle.kts

repositories {
    maven ("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public")
    maven ("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google")
    maven ("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin")
}

go

（1）使用go env命令

配置国内代理：

go env -w GO111MODULE=on
go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct

配置包路径：

go env -w GOPATH=${HOME}/.go
go env

（2）编辑env文件

vim ~/.config/go/env

GO111MODULE=on
GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct

docker

（1）编辑daemon.json文件

配置国内代理与包路径：

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
    "registry-mirrors": [
        "https://cydedph3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"
    ],
    "data-root": "/data/var/lib/docker"
}

podman

（1）编辑registries.conf.d下的配置文件

配置国内代理：

sudo tee /etc/containers/registries.conf.d/514-podman-mirror.conf > /dev/null << EOF 
unqualified-search-registries = ["docker.io"]

[[registry]]
location = "docker.io"

[[registry.mirror]]
location = "docker.m.daocloud.io"
[[registry.mirror]]
location = "docker.1ms.run"
[[registry.mirror]]
location = "hub.rat.dev"
[[registry.mirror]]
location = "docker.xuanyuan.me"
[[registry.mirror]]
location = "docker.1panel.live"
EOF

rustup

（1）编辑环境变量

配置国内代理：

RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup rustup install stable

# Bash
echo 'export RUSTUP_UPDATE_ROOT=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup/rustup' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup' >> ~/.bashrc
# Zsh
echo 'export RUSTUP_UPDATE_ROOT=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup/rustup' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup' >> ~/.zshrc

cargo

（1）编辑config.toml文件

配置国内代理：

mkdir -vp ${CARGO_HOME:-$HOME/.cargo}

cat > ${CARGO_HOME:-$HOME/.cargo}/config.toml << EOF
[source.crates-io]
replace-with = 'mirror'

[source.mirror]
registry = "sparse+https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/crates.io-index/"

[registries.mirror]
index = "sparse+https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/crates.io-index/"
EOF

pip#

uv#

npm#

yarn#

maven#

gradle#

go#

docker#

podman#

rustup#

cargo#

pip

uv

npm

yarn

maven

gradle

go

docker

podman

rustup

cargo